Mediastinal tumor treatment depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor. For benign tumors, monitoring may be sufficient if they are not causing symptoms. Surgery is often the primary treatment for removing tumors that are causing problems or are suspected to be cancerous. For malignant tumors, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of both may be used, depending on the cancer's type and stage. In some cases, targeted therapies or immunotherapy may also be considered. Treatment is individualized to each patient's specific condition and tumor characteristics.